After 24 h starvation cells were washed 2 times with PBS, harvested with trypsin, and collected into conical tubes. The cells were grown until 80% confluence, washed 2 times with PBS, and incubated with serum-free medium supplemented with 0.3% BSA. Therefore, the sound pressure levels were maintained between 70 and 100 dB to all compositions.Ĭell migration was characterized using Transwell system 8 μm pore size (Corning, USA). Since Beethoven's Fifth and Ligeti's Atmospheres move continually from piano to forte and vice versa, there is no way to imprint a constant sound pressure. As controls, the cells were exposed to silence (speakers were turned off in the incubator) or to the speakers plugged to energy without any sound produced, to observe a possible action of the background noise or the magnetic field produced by the speakers. 83503, 60 Watts, from UB Natts Eletroacústica (São Paulo, Brazil), placed at the roof of the incubator chamber, whose walls were lined with cork and foam. The cells were exposed to the music using a coaxial speaker, model ar 5c, ref. 448, first movement Beethoven's 5th Symphony, first movement Ligeti's Atmospheres, first movement at 37☌ in an incubator chamber. The cells were exposed for 30 min to one of the three compositions: Mozart's Sonata for Two Pianos in D major, KV. The present report was thus designed to better understand the direct effects of acoustic vibrations in the form of music in human cells in culture. Since music is a summation of several sound frequencies, and since sound is indeed a mechanical vibration, which can cause mechanical stress, it seems not odd that music can cause direct effects in mammalian cells. It has also been shown that a frequency of 261 Hz was able to alter the growth of human gingival fibroblasts in culture and recently we showed that music (and not only pure frequencies) can lead to several effects in human cells in culture, altering cell cycle, proliferation, viability, and binding of hormone. When considering mammalian cells, an increase in corticosterone serum levels after environmental noise exposure and a long-term reduction of proliferating cells in the hippocampal of noise exposed rats were observed, suggesting that exposure to chronic environmental noise at young ages produces persistent impairment to nonauditory cells, altering cell proliferation in the hippocampal formation. More recently, it was demonstrated that the tonal sounds of 1 kHz and 5 kHz promoted the growth of Escherichia coli. For example, it has been shown that sound wave stimulation makes significant changes to protein structure of tobacco cells, producing an increase in α helix and a decrease in β turn also, sound stimulation produced effects on the cell cycle of Chrysanthemum and in the callus growth of Dendranthema morifolium. Since the beginning of this century several studies suggested that the response to music, and to sound in general, is complex and might not be exclusively due to emotion, given that cell types other than auditory hair cells can also directly react to audible sound. It is commonly accepted that the effects of music are secondary to emotional responses, but Møller and Pedersen affirmed that vibrotactile sensations and a feeling of pressure might also occur in the chest and throat while hearing sounds. A number of studies suggest that music may be useful in medical care, alleviating stress and nociception in patients undergoing surgical procedures, as well as in cancer and burned patients but the mechanisms by which these effects occur are still unidentified. Despite being an integral part of virtually all cultures in the world, little is known about how music affects us.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |